Our history tells us that our place was a recreation site of a Taraskan ruler who had the title of Caltzontzin (that means "He who governs countless houses") who very probably was the King Tanganxoan II, even thou others say that it could have been the Emperor Tzitzipandacuri, an earlier monarch. Regardless of which of the two it was, this Taraskan ruler came very often to this area with all his wives, his helpers and a few guards to enjoy the sea, the sand and the sun; making us without his knowledge, maybe... The First Pre-Colombian Tourist Resort in Mexico.

The name of "Tarascos" (Taraskan) comes from the fact that the kings to please the conquerors gave their daughters in marriage and called them "Tarhaskua" (which means "son-in-law"). This word (adapted to the Spanish language as "Tarascos") was taken by the soldiers and used by them to refer to the inhabitants of the Purepecha Kingdom.

Drawing of Zihuatanejo bay from the XVI Century

The name of Zihuatanejo comes from the Nahuatl word Cihuatlan that means "place of women", very probably because of this incursions of the king with all his wives who were a vast majority against the few men that safeguarded them.

In Mexico, more than 1.5 million people proudly continues speaking Nahuatl and more than 150 thousand Taraskan; for many of them, Spanish is the second language and not the main one. If you want to find out how a word is written in the other languages, use the following links: [English-Nahuatl]; for Taraskan, it's available in Spanish only [Spanish-Taraskan]. Online Dictionary-Translators courtesy of Aulex. A new window will open.

Nowadays, a great part of the rock reef constructed by the king’s men is still in place. The reef was done for the purpose of simulating a large pool so his many wives could get into the water without any worries. It is located at Las Gatas beach.

Calle Juan N. Alvarez	Calle Cuauhtemoc

The old Spaniards usually wrote its name as Ciguatan (because that is how it sounded to them the word "Cihuatlan" used by the natives) and later on they added the diminutive ending of "ejo" to refer it as a "small place" or "place without major importance", so in old Spanish books, maps and documents is found writing as Cigua, Ciguatan and Ciguatanejo. About two hundred years ago, the name suffers the final change to become Zihuatanejo as we all know it today; we don't know how and why the change took effect, it just appeared like that in documents.

The Spaniard colonization of Mexico got to our shores and in a letter from Hernan Cortez to King Carlos I of Spain, he mentions the town of Zihuatanejo and a close-by island known today as Isla Grande or Isla de Ixtapa. Furthermore, he remarks that the place seems to be inhabited by women only. It is a good possibility that the natives saw Cortez’ fleet heading for the bay and as they were accustomed to do, they sent all their women to the island to keep them safe and away from the eyes of foreigners while they hided on the bushes. That may be the reason why the Spaniards saw only women at the place and assumed that they were the only inhabitants, reconfirming the significance of the town's native name.

Calle Cuauhtemoc	Calle Juan N. Alvarez

According to the chronicle of Capt. Bernal Diaz del Castillo (on "The Conquest of the New Spain"), in 1526 Hernan Cortez sent several Spaniard carpenters and their assistants to Zihuatanejo to build 3 ships using the fine wood found around the place (oak and red cedar) and the natives as helpers. These ships baptized with the names of La Florida, Espiritu Santo and Santiago left our port on October 31st, 1527 under the command of Capt. Alvaro Saavedra y Ceron with destination to the Philippines. This event can be interpreted as the inauguration of Zihuatanejo as a merchant port because they also left behind a rustic wood pier and shipyard.

The lookout point located above Zihuatanejo Bay on the way to Playa La Ropa beach bears the name of "Mirador Alvaro Saavedra" in his honor.

Around 1575 and later, many pirates made a stop over Zihuatanejo to use the bay as a refuge from bad weather or to trade for supplies with the town people, but the most common and profitable reason for their visits was to use it as a hiding place waiting for their attack on the Spanish Armada and their merchant galleons fleet in their prosperous commercial route of Mexico to the Philippines. Some of the "Commanders/Privateers" that spend part of their careers in Zihuatanejo's bay, were Sir Francis Drake and Admiral George Anson. A cannon and the anchor from one of Anson's ships that sunk in the bay are captured for history in pictures of Zihuatanejo dated back from the 50's.

In 1704 William Dampier arrived at Zihuatanejo and he registered in his ship log the presence of more than forty houses and more than one hundred people that wanted to discourage disembarkation of his men, at all cost.

Between the years of 1890 and 1910, Zihuatanejo begins to get known as a fishermen village with all its inhabitants living near or very close to the shore. By 1923, Zihuatanejo gets famous as an exporter of fine woods. La Madera (the wood) beach, gets its name from the loading of wood to the ships at that particular point. La Ropa (the clothes) beach got its name because of a Chinese shipwreck that brought all the material to its shore.

Playa Principal beach and Pier	Playa Principal beach

By this time Acapulco was getting to be "The Resort of Mexico", but some very adventurous tourist looking for other nearby places, discovered the picturesque Zihuatanejo. The increment of tourist affluence by land (it was very hard to get here, it took more than 15 hours from Acapulco but still they were coming) and the construction of a small airport for DC-3 planes for the purpose of increasing the commercial trade and the movements of tourist by air, forced the town people to begin constructing small hotels since before that, the visitor had to stay basically in private homes. Zihuatanejo remained a fishing village despite the affluence of more tourists.

It’s not until the late 1970’s that Zihuatanejo grows in number of hotel rooms and increases the quality of services to meet the demanding standards. The looks of the original fishing village remains here today.

Panoramic view toward Playa Principal beach

With the discovery in recent years of many ancient ruins close to Zihuatanejo (including a big pyramid still underground) and many relics and carved stones in nearby Petatlan, the scholars are speculating that this area at one time had a very important indian civilization that went from the cities of Tecpan to La Union alongside the coast. Because of some differences with other archaeology and culture sites within Mexico, the tendency is to believe that this civilization was self ruled, self sustained and could have been semi-independent from the others. Future investigations will probably tell us.

Map dated from around 1542, it shows Zihuatanejo with the name of "Cigua" and also Petatlan

For archaeological tours to a part of this civilization vestiges, see "Tours on your own and with operators" in our index.

Due to the considerable increments in the affluence of tourist to this area and the need to develop luxury high-rise hotels, in 1968 Fonatur (Federal Bureau for Tourist Development) expropriated a large coconut tree plantation nearby Zihuatanejo to create the new resort.

Coconut plantation where Ixtapa is located nowadays

The government had tried to develop it in Zihuatanejo, but the town people refused the idea of drastically changing the look of the town and having very tall buildings blocking the view of the bay.

The idea behind the building of Ixtapa, was to develop a first-class complement to the popular Zihuatanejo and make a small world-class resort for the tourists that do not like big cities or big destinations. The first hotel on this very well planned and carefully designed resort was built in 1971.

The first hotel was the "Aristos", it was demolished in the year 2003 to make room for a new luxury condominiums complex.

The building of "Aristos" hotel back in 1971

To keep the tradition of naming new Mexico’s tourist destinations in native tongues, in honor to our ancestors, they chose the nahuatl word Ixtapa that means "the white place" in reference to the white sands in the area.

During the development stages the local people referred as "The New Zihuatanejo". Once it got on the map, it took about a year for the town people to decide how to call the double destination... Ixtapa-Zihuatanejo or Zihuatanejo-Ixtapa; the answer is obvious.

Ixtapa-Zihuatanejo

Twice as pleasing !